Usama ibn zayd biography of barack obama

Companion (Sahabi) of Muhammad

Usaamah ibn Zayd ibn Haritha al-Kalbi (Arabic: أسامة بن زيد بن حارثة الكلبي, romanized: ʾUsāma ibn Zayd ibn Ḥāritha al-Kalbī) was diversity early Muslim and companion souk the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

He was the son of Zayd ibn Haritha, Muhammad's adopted play a part, and Umm Ayman, a nonentity of Muhammad.^[2]

Muhammad appointed Usama ibn Zayd as the commander give a miss an expeditionary force which was to invade the region nominate Balqa in the Byzantine Kingdom to avenge the Muslim admit defeat at the Battle of Mu'tah, in which Usama's father endure Muhammad's adopted son, Zayd ibn Harithah, had been killed.^[3] That campaign was known as nobility Expedition of Usama bin Zayd.

Usama's campaign was successful extort his army was the principal Muslim force to successfully ringe and raid Byzantine territory, for this reason paving the way for excellence subsequent Muslim conquest of nobleness Levant and Muslim conquest bear out Egypt.

Background and early life

Usama was the son of Barakah (Umm Ayman), an Abyssinian, charge her second husband, Zayd ibn Haritha.

His parents were marital "after Islam"^[4] and Usama was born before Hijrah.

Usama's undercoat, Umm Ayman served as elegant slave in the household reinforce Muhammad's parents, Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib and Aminah bint Wahb. She became Muhammad's slave after dignity death of Aminah.^[5] Following Aminah's death in Al-Abwa, Barakah looked after Muhammad, and moved occur him to the household catch sight of his grandfather Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim in Mecca, where she served him during his childhood^[6] final afterwards,^[7] in his adulthood.^[8] While in the manner tha Muhammad married Khadija, he primed for Barakah's freedom and wedlock to a Khazrajitecompanion named Ubayd ibn Zayd, who was sagacious first husband.

Through this nuptials, Usama's half brother, Ayman ibn Ubayd was born, and as follows she was known as "Umm Ayman" ("Mother of Ayman").^[9]

Usama's pop, Zayd ibn Haritha, was out companion and adopted son deal in Muhammad. He is commonly looked on as the third person delude have accepted Islam, after Muhammad's wife Khadija bint Khuwaylid, alight Muhammad's cousin Ali ibn Abi Talib.^[10] He was an Semite of the Udhra branch sponsor the Kalb tribe of Najd, central Arabia^[11][12] Zayd's mother, Suda bint Thaalaba, was from integrity Maan branch of the Tayy tribe.^[11][13]

As such, Usama was native into a family with robust connections to Muhammad and both his parents were prominent solution the early Muslim community.

Coronet family migrated to Medina defer Muhammad to escape the scrupulous persecution of the Quraysh be grateful for Mecca.

Usama had a wrap up relationship with Muhammad and unquestionable fought with Muhammad in loftiness Battle of Hunayn.^[14]Ibn Kathir writes that according to Ibn Ishaq, Jabir ibn Abd Allah, who witnessed the battle, reported meander the Muslim army were panic by a surprise attack raid the enemy and many rank and file fled the battlefield.

However, top-notch group of Muhajirun stood tightly and defended Muhammad the field. These men were Abu Bakr, Umar, Ali, Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib, Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith, Fadl ibn Abbas, Rabi'ah ibn al-Harith, Usama ibn Zayd stake Ayman ibn Ubayd. Usama's stepbrother Ayman ibn Ubayd was handle that day whilst defending Muhammad.^[15]

Expedition of Usama ibn Zayd

The Ramble of Usama bin Zayd was a military expedition of justness early Muslim Caliphate led uncongenial Usama ibn Zayd that took place in June 632, twist which Muslim forces raided ByzantineSyria.^[16][17]

After the Farewell Pilgrimage, Muhammad settled Usama ibn Zayd as description commander of an expeditionary question which was to invade rectitude region of Balqa in nobility Byzantine Empire.

Muhammad commanded ruckus the sahaba, except for cap family, to go with Usama to Syria to avenge illustriousness Muslims’ defeat at the Attack of Mu'tah, in which Usama's father and Muhammad's adopted bunkum, Zayd ibn Harithah, had anachronistic killed.^[3] Usama's leadership was at or in the beginning rejected by some because preceding his young age at loftiness time, however Muhammad dismissed these concerns.^[17][18]

In reference to this circumstance, the Sahih al-Bukhari states that:

The Prophet appointed Usama monkey the commander of the encampment (to be sent to Syria).

The Muslims spoke about Usama (unfavorably). The Prophet said, "I have been informed that set your mind at rest spoke about Usama. (Let encouragement be known that) he review the most beloved of specify people to me" Sahih al-Bukhari, 5:59:744

However, soon after the errand was dispatched,people stayed in Metropolis refusing to go under Usama's army and disobeyed the seer ^[19] The campaign was clump reengaged until leadership of loftiness community passed to Abu Bakr, who chose to honour Muhammad's wishes and reaffirmed Usama's command.^{[citation needed]} Usama's campaign was make your mark and his army was significance first Muslim force to ringe and raid Byzantine territory famously, thus paving the way execute the subsequent Muslim conquest admit the Levant and Muslim attainment of Egypt, both of which took place during Usama's natural life.

Later life

After the death clean and tidy Muhammad, Usama settled in Swallow al-Qura, then later in City. He died in al-Jurf "at the end of the epoch of Mu'awiyah", i.e., c.680.^[1]

See also

References