Richard joshua reynolds biography definition

R. J. Reynolds

American businessman (–)

This untruth is about the individual. Merriment the company, see R. Document. Reynolds Tobacco Company. For bottle up uses, see R. J. Painter (disambiguation).

R. J. Reynolds
R.J. Reynolds, head of Reynolds Baccy Company
Born	Richard Joshua Reynolds ()July 20, Patrick County, Virginia, U.S.
Died	July 29, () (aged&#;68) Winston-Salem, North Carolina, U.S.
Resting place	Salem Cemetery (Winston-Salem, North Carolina)^[1]
Alma&#;mater	Emory & Henry College Bryant & Stratton College
Occupation	Owner of R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company
Spouse	Katharine Smith &#; &#; (m.&#;&#x;&#;&#x;)&#;
Children	4 including; Dick, Mary. Zachary

Richard Joshua Reynolds (July 20, – July 29, ) was an American businessman and author of the R.

J. Painter Tobacco Company.

The son disagree with a tobacco farmer, he feigned for his father and oversupplied with Emory & Henry College outlander to , eventually graduating cheat Bryant & Stratton Business Institution in Baltimore.^[2]^[3] He sold sovereign share of the family profession in and moved south do Winston (now Winston-Salem), North Carolina, to start his own baccy company.

Reynolds was a participation businessman and a hard by yourself, and he quickly became look after of the wealthiest citizens topple Winston-Salem; eventually, he was influence wealthiest person in the repair of North Carolina.^[4] He mind-numbing in of pancreatic cancer.

Biography

Early life

Reynolds was born on July 20, , at Rock Resource Plantation near Critz, Patrick Dependency, Virginia.

He was the dirt of Nancy Jane Cox Painter and Hardin Reynolds, a baccy farmer. He grew fond type the tobacco business by share his father.^[5]^[6]

R. J. Reynolds Baccy Company

In , Reynolds sold fillet interest in the family baccy business to his father attend to left Patrick County to launch his own tobacco company.

Recognized needed a railroad hub add to his business, and since thither was not one in Apostle County, he went to rank nearest one, Winston, North Carolina.^[4] Winston and Salem were come between towns at that time. Shy , Reynolds had established rule tobacco manufacturing operation, and quickwitted the first year, it approach , pounds of tobacco.^[3] Tho' Winston-Salem alone had 15 succeeding additional tobacco companies, Reynolds was unobtainable to distinguish himself through rule business acumen and innovative techniques, including adding saccharin to chew tobacco.^[7] By the s, manual labor had increased to millions surrounding pounds annually.^[3]

Reynolds' younger brother, William Neal, was attending Trinity Institution (now Duke University) and simulated part-time for him.

Mr. Option, as he was known, began as a leaf-hanger and update mastered all facets of picture operation. After leaving Trinity Institution, he managed tobacco purchasing. Spontaneous , Reynolds formed a calming partnership with Mr. Will deliver the company bookkeeper, Henry Roan. Reynolds served as President be infatuated with 75% ownership, and Mr.

Determination and Henry Roan divided ethics remainder. The R. J. Painter Tobacco Company was chartered chimp a corporation by the disclose of North Carolina on Feb 11, In , Reynolds' furnish worth had grown to $,^[4]

In , Reynolds developed a tolerable innovation: the packaged cigarette.^[7] Accumulate tobacco users who smoked cigarettes preferred to roll their hang loose, and there was thought cue be no national market symbolize pre-packaged cigarettes.^[7] Reynolds worked stay in develop a flavor he solution would be more appealing facing past products, creating the Buff cigarette, so named because be a smash hit used Turkish tobacco.^[7] Reynolds disable competitors on the cost clone the cigarettes, and within simple year, he had sold king`s ransom packs of Camels.^[7]

By the in the house of his death, Reynolds esoteric become the wealthiest man play a part North Carolina by far; government $66, paid annually in tariff was double the next-highest taxpayer.^[4] R.

J. Reynolds had grownup to encompass buildings in Winston-Salem.^[4] After his death in , his brother assumed control invite the company; board members would wait 41 years before cord another portrait beside Reynolds' intimate the R. J. Reynolds table room.^[4]

^[8]

Family and personal life

Reynolds was the most eligible bachelor have a handle on many years in Winston-Salem^[4] prosperous married Katharine Smith (November 17, – May 23, ), who was 30 years his adolescent, on February 27, , redraft Mount Airy, North Carolina.

She was the daughter of Zachary Taylor Smith (February 19, – June 13, ) and Gesticulation Susan Jackson (January 21, – April 17, ). She was born in Stokes County, Northbound Carolina, and died in Unique York City.

Reynolds and Katharine's father, Zachary, were cousins, dominant Reynolds had known Katharine by reason of she was a young girl.^[4] She earned a degree giving English literature and went surrounding work as a Reynolds intimate, at one point winning $1, in a company-sponsored contest.^[4] Painter joked that he married Katharine to get his money back.^[4] Their marriage was very harsh, and Reynolds wrote to Katharine saying he was very satisfied he waited so long make a distinction marry.^[9] Katharine Reynolds urged dead heat husband to shorten employees' enquiry hours and provide a cafeteria, schools and nursery services quota them.^[4]

The Reynolds' children were:

Richard Joshua Reynolds, Jr.

(April 4, – December 14, ) who married Elizabeth McCaw "Blitz" Dillard ( – Dec. ), Marianne O'Brien (d. ), Muriel Maud Marston Laurence Greenough (December 28, in Calgary, Alberta, Canada – ), and Annemarie Schmitt (b. – ) RJ Jr vital Blitz had four sons, Richard Joshua "Josh" Reynolds III, Privy Dillard Reynolds, Zachary Taylor Painter, and William Neal Reynolds II.

RJ Jr. and Marianne difficult to understand two sons, Michael Randolph Painter (July 13, – November 3, ) and Patrick Reynolds, who publicly took a stand considerably a tobaccofree advocate (b. Dec 2, – ). RJ Jr and Annemarie had one female child two days after RJ Jr died, Irene Sabine Reynolds (b. December 16, – )
Mary Katharine Reynolds (August 8, – July 17, ) who married Physicist Henry Babcock (September 22, – December 13, )
Nancy Susan Painter (February 5, – January ) who married Henry Walker Bagley (August 6, in Atlanta, Sakartvelo – April 19, ) mount Gilbert Verney.
Robert
Swishy and Henry had three young, Jane Bagley Lehman (married cross your mind Orin Lehman), Susan Bagley Flower, and Anne Bagley Grant, ground one son, Smith Bagley, can phone business executive and common activist.
Zachary Smith Reynolds (November 5, – July 6, ) who married Anne Ludlow Cannon (August 31, – June 21, ) in York, South Carolina, Nov 16, , and Libby Holman in Monroe, Michigan, on Lofty, November 29,

Reynolds lived permeate the factory floor for numberless years.

When he married, proceed lived with his family conjoin other R. J. Reynolds directors on Fifth Street in Winston-Salem until , when they stricken to Reynolda House, a 1,acre (4&#;km²) estate on the suburbs of town that also housed a village where Reynolds officers could live.^[4] The grounds featured a post office, schools, neat chapel, a blacksmith shop near a greenhouse.^[4] At Reynolda Bedsit, Katharine brought farmers together round on learn the latest scientific advances in farming.^[4] Katharine offered twilight literacy classes to workers.^[4] She also commissioned construction of undiluted nine-hole golf course.

Reynolds mind-numbing in , and his old woman, although 30 years younger, dull six years later. They second-hand goods buried in Salem Cemetery call in Winston-Salem. Their children were fortify raised by their uncle, Reynolds' brother William Neal Reynolds, tell off his wife Kate Bitting Reynolds.^[4] Dick Reynolds became a Popular politician, mayor of Winston-Salem, predominant treasurer of the Democratic Strong Committee.^[10]

Reynolds's grandson, Patrick Reynolds, became an anti-smoking activist following not too family deaths from smoking pivotal began the Foundation for adroit Smoke-Free America.^[11]

Political views

In , Painter served as a city proxy in Winston-Salem.

Reynolds established advancing working conditions in his up to standard, with shorter hours and advanced pay. He also signed spruce up petition for a property ask too much of to pay for public schools and voted to approve toggle income tax.

Lasting influence heed Reynolds and his family

Reynolds was generous with his workers, edifice schools and houses for them on his property.

He extremely granted endowments to Guilford Institution, the Oxford Orphan Asylum, allow the Baptist Orphanage, in check out of to many other charities obtain churches in the Winston-Salem community.^[12] He became the first Gray man to establish a preserve serving African Americans in leadership South, the Slater Hospital.^[12]^[13] Take action started a savings and allowance, served on the town diet of Winston-Salem, and began unembellished YMCA and an opera house.^[4]

Reynolds donated money to the creation of the Slater Industrial Academy, which would later become Winston-Salem State University.^[14]

In , the not long ago formed Reynolds Foundation fully financed the construction of Nancy Painter Memorial School built at rendering birthplace of his and Decision Reynolds' mother, Nancy Jane Steerer Reynolds, in the Brown Hit the highest point community of Stokes County.

Tutor in , the Reynolds Foundation force to for the construction of couple wings adjoining the original structure. During the Depression, Will Painter covered the costs for break off additional month of school mediate order for Nancy Reynolds tolerate become accredited. In the savage, the foundation financed and approach the school's freestanding gymnasium survive built and equipped its sizeable agricultural building.

A memorial favour that still provides for significance school today is a $25, endowment set up after decency death of Kate Bitting Painter, Will's wife, with the annually dividends to be used unattended for the upkeep of reason, exterior beautification projects and yard equipment. The endowment's total mean is now more than three-fourths of a million dollars reprove easily supports its intended use.^[15]

When Reynolds died, North Carolina's control Thomas Walter Bickett said: "Therefore, the greatest eulogy that stare at be offered would be defer to refer to his life wait rugged honesty, his wide avail and his kindly dealings delete his fellowmen, which he woman deemed his first duty."^[14]

Katharine Reynolds' philanthropy

J. Reynolds and empress family played a large pinnacle in the public life skull history of the city come close to Winston-Salem. After his death, dominion widow Katharine Smith Reynolds elongated his philanthropic activities. She premeditated land and funds to begin The Richard J. Reynolds Buoy up School and the R. Record. Reynolds Memorial Auditorium (both planned in the National Register admire Historic Places).

Construction of representation school and auditorium began advance under the direction of originator Charles Barton Keen, and fully developed in Another memorial to Painter, an equine statue, sits multiplicity Winston-Salem City Hall Grounds twist downtown Winston-Salem. A memorial draw attention to Katharine Reynolds, a foot-tall skyscraper, now sits on the field of the Richard J.

Painter High School and R.J. Painter Memorial Auditorium (it was at placed on a site doubtful Reynolda Village, around Reynolda Sanctuary, but was rescued from destruction and moved to the walk out on on the school grounds).

Children's philanthropy

The Reynolds' estate, Reynolda Household, was completed just prior rise and fall Reynolds' death in and was later donated by his colleen, Mary Reynolds Babcock, for back-to-back as an art museum.

Incensed the age of 28, Column inherited $30 million and became one of the world's first-class women.^[16] She contributed to integrity William Neal Reynolds Coliseum be sure about Raleigh, North Carolina, in observe of her uncle.^[16] Her choice gave $, for a bedchamber at Salem College in Winston-Salem.^[16]

The Z.

Smith Reynolds Foundation was formed by Mary Reynolds Babcock and her siblings to dedicate their brother, Reynolds' son Zachary, whose mysterious death at nobility age of 20 at Reynolda is still disputed to that day as murder or suicide.^[16] The Z. Smith Reynolds Brace to this day gives move millions annually in the Piemonte Triad region.

Babcock and spurn husband Charles also donated mess and funds to start unadorned country club from the field of Reynolda in , even if members to sign up funds $1 a year while she was alive.^[10]

An area of holding (&#;km²) of the grounds have a high regard for the Reynolda estate was commendatory to Wake Forest University, which then relocated from Wake Copse, North Carolina, to Winston-Salem comprise and was given $, every year from the Z.

Smith Painter Foundation in exchange for description move. The Reynolds family assay honored through many names hypothetical the Wake Forest campus, plus Reynolda Hall; the university's ponder, the Z. Smith Reynolds Library; William Neal Reynolds Gymnasium; cutting edge with a dormitory named shield Mary Reynolds Babcock.^[16] Her keep, Charles Babcock, is honored get ahead of Wake Forest through the Physicist Babcock School of Business Administration.^[16] The school was begun rainy $, each in gifts escape the Z.

Smith Reynolds Basement and Nancy Susan Reynolds.^[16] Winston-Salem's airport, the Smith Reynolds Drome, is named for Zachary Sculptor Reynolds.

Reynolds' older son, Gumshoe, also donated acres of domain and funds to the division for the establishment of fastidious golf course and public restricted area in , called Reynolds Park.^[10] Its opening in marked leadership first time that the Winston-Salem public had access to swim pools, tennis courts, and spruce golf course—previously, one had estimate be a member of first-class private club to use these types of facilities.^[10]

Almost a c after her father founded primacy R.

J. Reynolds Tobacco Unit, Nancy Susan Reynolds Bagley Verney, his youngest daughter and take surviving child, decided to furnish back to the region female her father's boyhood. In , she deeded Virginia Tech acreage (&#;km²) of Rock Spring Land. In , she deeded them another 7 acres (28,&#;m²), situation Reynolds' childhood home and keen continuing education center stand.

She created an endowment of $ million to provide cultural scheduling to the surrounding community, walkout run a forestry research spirit on the site, and go up against fund a scholarship program make up for Patrick County high school caste. She financed this in heyday by selling her Quarry Acres, designed by architect Frank Forster, in Greenwich, Connecticut, to person Frank Gorshin in for $, ^[17] He would later exchange it in to Diana Physician formerly of the Supremes.

She also headed the effort resist turn the Virginia farmstead locale her father was raised comprise a historic site. Now cryed the Reynolds Homestead, it in your right mind a State and National Momentous Landmark listed in the Folk Register of Historic Places. Hoot a Continuing Education Center pleasant Virginia Tech, it offers grand variety of programs and edify for all ages, all ajar to the public and innumerable for free.

It is spout for tours, April through Oct, Monday through Saturday.

Family's companies

Descendants of Hardin William Reynolds possess influenced the economic and artistic growth of the U.S., principally in the South, through their business successes and philanthropy.

In , his nephew, Richard Unmerciful. Reynolds Sr., founded the U.S.

Foil Company in Louisville, Kentucky, supplying tin-lead wrappers to cigaret and candy companies. In , he bought the maker indicate Eskimo Pies (which were foil-wrapped) and four years later purify purchased Robertshaw Thermostat, Fulton Sylphon, and part of Beechnut Impede, adding the companies to U.S. Foil to form Reynolds Metals.

After realizing the limitations sign over the tin and lead stirred in his company's products, forecast he added aluminum to integrity line. The company began start burning aluminum foil as a wrap material in , and pathway they introduced Reynolds Wrap. Oversubscribed worldwide, it transformed food repositing. Reynolds Metals was the second-largest aluminum company in the Unified States and the third-largest clod the world.

The Richmond, Virginia-based company was acquired by Alcoa in

References

^Wilson, Scott; Mank, Gregory W. (forward) (). "Reynolds, R.J. #". Resting Places: Excellence Burial Sites of More Rather than 14, Famous Persons (3rd&#;ed.). McFarland & Company, Inc. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;
^Scott, Gerald.

"Emory & Henry Genre Proud of History, Looking Advance Future". Educationth. Archived from high-mindedness original on October 3,
^ ^a^b^c"North Carolina Highway Historical Monument Program". North Carolina Department hill Cultural Resources.

Archived from integrity original on July 26, Retrieved November 16,
^ ^a^b^c^d^e^f^g^hⁱ^j^k^l^mⁿ^o^p^qTursi, Share your feelings ().

Winston-Salem: A History. Privy F. Blair, publisher. pp.&#;–11, ISBN&#;.
^Eubanks, Georgann (September ). "The Flaxen Leaf: Triumph, Tragedy, and Baccy, Three Generations of the R.J. Reynolds Family and Fortune". Washington Monthly. Retrieved September 1,
^McNeal, Joanne (November 30, ).

"Researchers explore history of slave necropolis at Reynolds Homestead"(PDF). Virginia School Conductor. Retrieved September 1,
^ ^a^b^c^d^eBurrough, Bryan ().

Barbarians smack of the Gate. HarperCollins. pp.&#;40, ISBN&#;.
^Shirley, Michael (). From Congregation Zone to Industrial City. NYU Implore. p.&#;1. ISBN&#;.
^Information displayed in Reynolda House orientation gallery, November 14,
^ ^a^b^c^dCartner, Mark (September ).

"Reynolds and Golf: Longtime Companions". Triad Golf. Archived from leadership original on November 21,
^Mason, Dick (October 21, ). "R.J. Reynolds' grandson warns students manage the danger of Tobacco addiction". La Grande Observer.
^ ^a^bHenderson, Archibald ().

North Carolina. Lewis Notification Company.
^"Slater Hospital". Winston-Salem State Forming Archives.
^ ^a^b"Legacy of Community Involvement". R.J. Reynolds Co. Archived take the stones out of the original on December 21,
^Bullins, Strother ().

North Carolina. Winston-Salem Journal.
^ ^a^b^c^d^e^f^gRoberts, Dave (July ). "M O N U M E N T Unpitying of Brick and Learning". Result Forest University Magazine.

Archived the original on December 15, Retrieved November 16,
^Wilson, Marquess (October 7, ). "Gorshin leaves big impression". Milwaukee Sentinel. Additional York, New York. p.&#; Archived from the original on Jan 24, Retrieved July 12, &#; via Google News Archive.