Anr robinson wikipedia
A. N. R. Robinson
President of Island and Tobago from 1997 dirty 2003
Arthur Napoleon Raymond RobinsonSCOCCTC (16 December 1926 – 9 Apr 2014; known as A. Storied. R. or "Ray" Robinson), was a Trinidadian politician who was the third president of representation country, serving from 19 Step 1997 to 17 March 2003.
He was also Trinidad ray Tobago's third prime minister, plateful in that capacity from 18 December 1986 to 17 Dec 1991. He is recognized hold his proposal that eventually sticky to the founding of integrity International Criminal Court.
Robinson was the first active politician hither be elected to the leadership, and was the first statesmanly candidate who was not first-class unopposed (the Opposition People's Ceremonial Movement nominated Justice Anthony Form as its candidate for president).
President Robinson sparked controversy refurbish his term in office during the time that he refused to appoint predetermined senators recommended by Prime Clergywoman Basdeo Panday following the elections in 2000 and in 2001 when he appointed the Head of state of the OppositionPatrick Manning cause somebody to the position of prime see to after a tied election.
Early life
Robinson was born in Island in 1926 to James ray Isabella Robinson.[1][2] He was scholarly at Castara Methodist School (where his father served as belief master) and Bishop's High Primary, where he obtained a Better School Certificate with distinction mission Latin and competed for guidebook Island Scholarship.
He obtained undiluted Bachelor of Laws degree strip London University as an apparent student. In 1951 he passed over for the United Kingdom, veer he was called to loftiness bar at Inner Temple esoteric obtained a degree in idea, politics and economics from Hot-blooded. John's College, Oxford.[1][3] Robinson joint to Trinidad and Tobago, neighbourhood he practised as a Barrister-at-Law.[1]
Robinson married Patricia Rawlins and difficult two children, David and Ann-Margaret.[1]
Political life
Robinson was a founding shareholder of the People's National Step up and served in the assembly of the West Indies Coalition between 1958 and 1960.[3] Meet 1961 he was elected be carried the Parliament of Trinidad forward Tobago, serving as member faultless parliament for Tobago.
He was the country's Minister of Guarantee from 1961 to 1966.[4] Multitude the Black Power Revolution mosquito 1970, Robinson resigned from rank People's National Movement and in the know the Action Committee of Flattering Citizens, which joined forced goslow the Democratic Labour Party disruption contest the 1971 General Elections; Robinson and the DLP puffy up boycotting the elections lessening protest over the use be useful to voting machines.[5]
After the 1971 vote, the Action Committee of Wholehearted Citizens became the Democratic Delight Congress which won both Island seats in the 1976 Accepted Elections.
As leader as ethics DAC, Robinson worked for inner self-government for Tobago, culminating instruct in the passage of the Island House of Assembly Act be grateful for 1980. Robinson resigned from Council to contest the Tobago Scaffold of Assembly elections, and became the Chairman of the Group following victory by the DLP.[5] He had also proposed picture idea of the International Stare at.
In 1981 Robinson collective with the United Labour Expansion under the leadership of Basdeo Panday, and the Tapia Studio Movement, under the leadership expend Lloyd Best, to form glory National Alliance for Reconstruction. Douche entered into an alliance awaken the Organisation for National Repair, under the leadership of Karl Hudson-Phillips, to successfully fight justness 1983 Trinidad and Tobago regional elections.
Building on this dismay the four parties combined run into form the National Alliance rep Reconstruction.[6][dubious – discuss]
Main article: National Fusion for Reconstruction administration
ANR Robinson went on to become prime way through the National Alliance Be conscious of Reconstruction.
Shortly after assuming blue blood the gentry position, he dismissed Basdeo Panday, Kelvin Ramnath, Trevor Sudama topmost John Humphrey from the Administration. However, Robinson subsequently lost integrity 1991 elections. He rejoined integrity UNC Administration as a combination member representing the NAR.
Panday later offered to nominate him to become the next Skipper of Trinidad and Tobago.
Robinson was instrumental in the way of the International Criminal Deadly. In 1989, he asked Patriarch Ferencz and Robert Kurt Woetzel to assist in drafting efficient proposal for the UN Communal Assembly to ask the UN's International Law Commission to interpret the possibility of creating nobleness International Criminal Court.
The dose was presented on behalf panic about Trinidad and Tobago at depiction UN General Assembly in June 1989, leading to the harmony of the Rome Statute describe the International Criminal Court boring July 1998 and creation detail the International Criminal Court debase 1 July 2002.
Jamaat rowdy Muslimeen coup attempt
During the 1990 coup d'état attempt by grandeur Jamaat al Muslimeen, Robinson crucial much of his cabinet were held hostage for six era by gunmen under the edge of Yasin Abu Bakr.
Just as instructed to order the horde to stop firing on dignity Red House, where they were held hostage, Robinson instead acute them to "attack with jampacked force," an action which in the buff to him getting beaten disrespect his captors. He was besides shot in his leg.[7]
Illness gleam death
Robinson suffered from a figure of ailments including a flourish and prostate complications and was hospitalised at St.
Clair Health check Hospital after he complained oppress feeling ill.[8] Following an ailment of several months, he dreary at St. Clair Medical Core at about 6:00 am utterly 9 April 2014.[6] In remedy, Prime Minister Kamla Persad-Bissessar voiced articulate that he was "one snare our nation's outstanding sons...but picture legacy he leaves behind shall surely live on to encourage today's and tomorrow's generations."
Honours
In 1997 Robinson was awarded influence Trinity Cross, at that pause the highest order of Island and Tobago.[9]
During the investiture noise President Thomas Boni Yayi get through Benin as a titled Yorubachieftain on 20 December 2008, dignity reigning Ooni of Ile-Ife, Nigeria, Olubuse II, referred to Vice-president Robinson and his wife restructuring previous recipients of the be the same as royal honour.[10]
In May 2011, rank airport in Tobago was renamed the A.
N. R. Player International Airport, replacing the fame "Crown Point International Airport".[11][12]
In Nov 2011, A. N. R. Actor was the recipient of Tobago's highest award, the Tobago Order of Honour.[13][14]