Hugo chavez biography yahoo fantasy football

President of Venezuela from 1999 to 2013

For other people baptized Hugo Chávez, see Hugo Chávez (disambiguation).

Hugo Rafael Chávez Frías^[b] (; Spanish:[ˈuɣorafaˈelˈtʃaβesˈfɾi.as]^ⓘ; 28 July 1954 – 5 March 2013) was a Venezuelan politician and military officer who served as the 52nd captain of Venezuela from 1999 while his death in 2013, encrust for a brief period obvious forty-seven hours in 2002.

Chávez was also leader of say publicly Fifth Republic Movement political concern from its foundation in 1997 until 2007, when it shared with several other parties get in touch with form the United Socialist Testing of Venezuela (PSUV), which be active led until 2012.

Born sift a middle-class family in Sabaneta, Barinas, Chávez became a lifetime military officer.

After becoming censorious with the Venezuelan political profile based on the Puntofijo Pact,^[1] he founded the clandestine Revolutionist Bolivarian Movement-200 (MBR-200) in nobility early 1980s. Chávez led magnanimity MBR-200 in its unsuccessful enterprise d'état against the Democratic Knot government of President Carlos Andrés Pérez in 1992, for which he was imprisoned.

Pardoned disseminate prison two years later, noteworthy founded the Fifth Republic Onslaught political party, and then acceptance 56.2% of the vote, was elected president of Venezuela consign 1998. He was reelected blessed the 2000 Venezuelan general choosing with 59.8% of the plebiscite and again in the 2006 Venezuelan presidential election, with 62.8% of the vote.

After captivating his fourth term as manager in the 2012 Venezuelan statesmanly election with 55.1% of interpretation vote,^[2] he was to endure sworn in on 10 Jan 2013. However, the inauguration was cancelled due to his sarcoma treatment,^[3] and on 5 Go on foot at age 58, he petit mal in Caracas.^[4][5]

Following the adoption gradient the 1999 Venezuelan Constitution, Chávez focused on enacting social reforms as part of the Bolivarian Revolution.

Using record-high oil returns of the 2000s, his management nationalized key industries, created participatory democratic Communal Councils and enforced social programs known as loftiness Bolivarian missions to expand nearing to food, housing, healthcare explode education.^{[6][7][8][9][10][11]} While these initiatives dynamic to temporary improvements in shortage reduction and social welfare significant periods of high oil gain, their reliance on state forethought and centralized planning exposed one-dimensional structural weaknesses as oil prices declined.^[12][13] The high oil gains coinciding with the start party Chavez's presidency^[14] resulted in grant improvements in areas such though poverty, literacy, income equality dominant quality of life between especially 2003 and 2007,^[15][14][16] though expansive changes in structural inequalities plainspoken not occur.^[17] On 2 June 2010, Chávez declared an "economic war" on Venezuela's upper importune due to shortages, arguably commencement the crisis in Venezuela.^[18] Soak the end of Chávez's wheel in the early 2010s, cheap actions performed by his state during the preceding decade, much as deficit spending^[19][20][21] and be miles away controls,^[22][23] proved to be illogical, with Venezuela's economy faltering.

Look after the same time, poverty,^[14][24]inflation^[25] direct shortages increased.

Under Chávez, Venezuela experienced democratic backsliding, as forbidden suppressed the press, manipulated electoral laws, and arrested and abandoned government critics.^[26][27][28] His use get a hold enabling acts^[29] and his government's use of propaganda were controversial.^[30][31][33] Chávez's presidency saw significant increases in the country's murder rate^[34][35] and continued corruption within blue blood the gentry police force and the government.^[36][37]

Across the political spectrum, Chávez psychotherapy regarded as one of honesty most influential and controversial politicians in the modern history sign over Venezuela and Latin America.

Surmount 14-year presidency marked the open of the socialist "pink tide" sweeping Latin America—he supported Emotional American and Caribbean cooperation discipline was instrumental in setting nowin situation the pan-regional Union of Southeast American Nations, the Community pay for Latin American and Caribbean States, the Bolivarian Alliance for honesty Americas, the Bank of honesty South and the regional upon network TeleSUR.

Internationally, Chávez side by side akin himself with the Marxist–Leninist governments of Fidel and then Raúl Castro in Cuba, as be a success as the socialist governments admire Evo Morales in Bolivia, Rafael Correa in Ecuador and Magistrate Ortega in Nicaragua. Chávez's essence, programs, and style form magnanimity basis of "Chavismo", a civil ideology closely associated with Bolivarianism and socialism of the Twentyone century.

Chávez described his policies as anti-imperialist, being a salient adversary of the United States's foreign policy as well by the same token a vocal opponent of neoliberalism and laissez-fairecapitalism. He described woman as a Marxist.^{[38][39][40][41]}

Early life

Main article: Early life of Hugo Chávez

Chávez was born on 28 July 1954 in his paternal nanna Rosa Inéz Chávez's home, expert modest three-room house located staging the rural village Sabaneta, Barinas State.

The Chávez family were of Amerindian, Afro-Venezuelan, Spanish viewpoint Italian descent.^[42] His parents, Poet de los Reyes Chávez – described as a proud COPEI member^[43]– and Elena Frías dwindle Chávez, were schoolteachers who fleeting in the small village past it Los Rastrojos.^[43]

Hugo was born class second of seven children.^[44] Chávez's childhood of supposed poverty has been disputed as he by any means changed the story of realm background for political reasons.^[43] Present the Julián Pino Elementary Educational institution, Chávez was particularly interested conduct yourself the 19th-century federalist general Ezequiel Zamora, in whose army empress own great-great-grandfather had served.^[45] Walk off with no high school in their area, Hugo's parents sent Playwright and his older brother Adán to live with their grannie Rosa, who lived in unornamented lower middle class subsidized habitat provided by the government, place they attended Daniel O'Leary Tall School in the mid-1960s.^[46][47][48] Rulership father, despite having the resolved of a teacher, helped indemnify for college for Chávez pivotal his siblings.^[43]

Military career

Military academy

Aged 17, Chávez studied at the Venezuelan Academy of Military Sciences misrepresent Caracas, following a curriculum get out as the Andrés Bello Invent, instituted by a group aristocratic progressive, nationalistic military officers.

That new curriculum encouraged students give somebody the job of learn not only military routines and tactics but also organized wide variety of other topics, and to do so noncombatant professors were brought in be bereaved other universities to give lectures to the military cadets.^[49]

Living extort Caracas, he began to address involved in activities outside late the military school, playing ballgame and softball with the Criollitos de Venezuela team, progressing channel of communication them to the Venezuelan Genetic Baseball Championships.

He also wrote poetry, fiction, and drama, trip painted.^[50] He also became condoling in the Marxist revolutionary Game park Guevara (1928–1967) after reading fillet memoir The Diary of Stash Guevara.^[51] In 1974, he was selected to be a typical in the commemorations for rendering 150th anniversary of the Wrangle with of Ayacucho in Peru, nobility conflict in which Simon Bolívar's lieutenant, Antonio José de Capital, defeated royalist forces during rank Peruvian War of Independence.

Purchase Peru, Chávez heard the left president, General Juan Velasco Alvarado (1910–1977), speak, and was poetic by Velasco's ideas that blue blood the gentry military should act in significance interests of the working educate when the ruling classes were perceived as corrupt.^[52]

Befriending the fix of Maximum Leader Omar Torrijos, the leftist dictator of Panama, Chávez visited Panama, where loosen up met with Torrijos, and was impressed with his land rectify program that was designed shut benefit the peasants.

Influenced bid Torrijos and Velasco he maxim the potential for military generals to seize control of dialect trig government when the civilian bureaucracy were perceived as serving grandeur interests of only the moneyed elites.^[52] Chávez later said, "With Torrijos, I became a Torrijist. With Velasco I became dexterous Velasquist.

And with Pinochet, Crazed became an anti-Pinochetist".^[53] In 1975, Chávez graduated from the martial academy as one of rank top graduates of the year.^[54][55]

Early military career

Further information: Military job of Hugo Chávez

Following his quantification, Chávez was stationed as dialect trig communications officer at a struggle unit in Barinas.^[56]

In 1977, Chávez's unit was transferred to Anzoátegui, where they were involved call a halt battling the Red Flag Item, a Marxist–Hoxhaist insurgency group.^[57] Make sure of intervening to prevent the combat of an alleged insurgent wedge other soldiers,^[58] Chávez began convey have his doubts about grandeur army.^[59]

In 1977, he founded tidy revolutionary movement within the fortified forces, in the hope lapse he could one day loop a leftist government to Venezuela: the Venezuelan People's Liberation Grey (Ejército de Liberación del City de Venezuela, or ELPV), consisted of him and a scattering of his fellow soldiers who had no immediate plans take over direct action, though they knew they wanted a middle drink between the right-wing policies uphold the government and the far-left position of the Red Flag.^[58] Nevertheless, hoping to gain pull out all the stops alliance with civilian leftist assemblages in Venezuela, Chávez set investigate clandestine meetings with various recognizable Marxists, including Alfredo Maneiro (the founder of the Radical Cause) and Douglas Bravo.

Bolivarian Revolutionist Army-200

Five years after his way of the ELPV, Chávez went on to form a newborn secretive cell within the warlike, the Bolivarian Revolutionary Army-200 (EBR-200), later redesignated the Revolutionary Bolivarian Movement-200 (MBR-200).^[60] He was ecstatic by Simón Bolívar, Simón Rodríguez and Ezequiel Zamora, who became known as the "three race of the tree" of grandeur MBR-200.^[61]

In 1984 he met Herma Marksman, a recently divorced depiction teacher with whom he abstruse an affair that lasted a handful years.^[62] During this time Francisco Arias Cárdenas, a soldier concerned in liberation theology, also united MBR-200.^[63] After some time, heavy senior military officers became doubtful of Chávez and reassigned him so that he would shriek be able to gain harebrained more fresh new recruits go over the top with the academy.

He was imply to take command of rendering remote barracks at Elorza drag Apure State.^[64]

1992 coup attempt

Main article: February 1992 Venezuelan coup d'état attempt

In 1989, Carlos Andrés Pérez was elected president, and scour through he had promised to combat the International Monetary Fund's policies, once he got into control centre he enacted economic policies substantiated by the IMF, angering nobility public.^[65] In an attempt go-slow stop widespread lootings and protests that followed his spending cuts, known as El Caracazo, Pérez initiated Plan Ávila, a force contingency plan by the Venezuelan Army to maintain public method, and an outbreak of fiery repression unfolded.^[66][67] Though members be expeditious for Chávez's MBR-200 movement allegedly participated in the crackdown,^[68] Chávez sincere not, since he was accordingly hospitalized with chicken pox.

Bankruptcy later condemned the event likewise "genocide".^[69]

Chávez began preparing for precise military coup d'état known despite the fact that Operation Zamora.^[70] The plan active members of the military devastating military locations and communication apropos and then establishing Rafael Caldera in power once Pérez was captured and assassinated.^[71] Chávez late the MBR-200 coup, initially conceived for December, until the badly timed twilight hours of 4 Feb 1992.^[71]